Hello Taksahi

Thanks wery mutch for your quick answer.... thats correct i dont have glibc on me Netbsd machine so i have to cut any code from global.h .... after meny attempts i dont find the correct solutions

Please can you give me more informations about i need to comment out from code.

i have try with this to delete but the errors are after this mutch more.....

#if !defined(_POSIX_C_SOURCE) && !defined(_POSIX_SOURCE) struct timeval { time_t tv_sec; /* seconds */ long tv_usec; /* microseconds */ };

struct timespec { time_t tv_sec; /* seconds */> long tv_nsec; /* nanoseconds */ }; #endif

/** Timestamp */ typedef struct timeval snd_timestamp_t; /** Hi-res timestamp */ typedef struct timespec snd_htimestamp_t;

-------- Original-Nachricht --------

Datum: Wed, 25 Jun 2008 17:50:58 +0200 Von: Takashi Iwai tiwai@suse.de An: "Caloro Maurizio" mauric@gmx.ch CC: alsa-devel@alsa-project.org Betreff: Re: [alsa-devel] Building trouble - redefinition of struct timeval

At Wed, 25 Jun 2008 15:54:09 +0200, Caloro Maurizio wrote:

...

Please i need help for following error message "redefinition of struct

timeval - /include/global.h"

...

the configure script run without any Error, if i compile

"alsa-lib-1.0.17rc2" on I386 Netbsd 4.0

...

i receive folowing error break.

"./configure --prefix=/usr --sysconfdir=/etc

--build=i386-unknown-netbsdelf4.0 --host=i386-unknown-netbsdelf4.0 --target=i386-unknown-netbsdelf4.0 --with-pythonlibs=lpython2.5 --with-pythonincludes=-I/usr/include/python2.5 --enable-shared=no --enable-static=yes" & gmake

...

gmake ... >

Making all in controll gmake[1]: Entering directory

`/usr/source/alsa-lib-1.0.17rc2/src/control'

...

if /bin/ksh ../../libtool --tag=CC --mode=compile gcc -DHAVE_CONFIG_H

-I. -I. -I../../include -I../../include -g -O2 -MT cards.lo -MD -MP -MF ".deps/cards.Tpo" -c -o cards.lo cards.c; \

...

    then mv -f ".deps/cards.Tpo" ".deps/cards.Plo"; else rm -f

".deps/cards.Tpo"; exit 1; fi

...

gcc -DHAVE_CONFIG_H -I. -I. -I../../include -I../../include -g -O2 -MT

cards.lo -MD -MP -MF .deps/cards.Tpo -c cards.c -o cards.o

...

In file included from ../../include/local.h:109, from control_local.h:22, from cards.c:35: ../../include/global.h:138: error: redefinition of 'struct timeval' ../../include/global.h:143: error: redefinition of 'struct timespec' gmake[1]: *** [cards.lo] Error 1 gmake[1]: Leaving directory `/usr/source/alsa-lib-1.0.17rc2/src/control' gmake: *** [all-recursive] Error 1

i have see that this its a possible handle with Posix_C_Source but i

dont found

...

the correct answer for me trouble.... Please for any Help i'am happy.

The code is written for glibc, and maybe yours doesn't fit with that part. Simply comment out that part.

Takashi

...

Basically removing the block ifdef POSIX_C_SOURCE should suffice. You need the typedefs below.

Takashi

Hello Takashi

Thanks for your fast and professional feedback, so i have to many changes now that this script run on me Netbsd machine.....so now i think i need your help

Please ... what do you think offer this error block.... thanks for your answer MC

....run.....run....run.....run....run.....run gmake[2]: Nothing to be done for `all-am'. gmake[2]: Leaving directory `/usr/source/alsa-lib-1.0.17rc2/src' gmake[1]: Leaving directory `/usr/source/alsa-lib-1.0.17rc2/src' Making all in modules gmake[1]: Entering directory `/usr/source/alsa-lib-1.0.17rc2/modules' Making all in mixer gmake[2]: Entering directory `/usr/source/alsa-lib-1.0.17rc2/modules/mixer' Making all in simple gmake[3]: Entering directory `/usr/source/alsa-lib-1.0.17rc2/modules/mixer/simple' gmake[3]: Nothing to be done for `all'. gmake[3]: Leaving directory `/usr/source/alsa-lib-1.0.17rc2/modules/mixer/simple' gmake[3]: Entering directory `/usr/source/alsa-lib-1.0.17rc2/modules/mixer' gmake[3]: Nothing to be done for `all-am'. gmake[3]: Leaving directory `/usr/source/alsa-lib-1.0.17rc2/modules/mixer' gmake[2]: Leaving directory `/usr/source/alsa-lib-1.0.17rc2/modules/mixer' gmake[2]: Entering directory `/usr/source/alsa-lib-1.0.17rc2/modules' gmake[2]: Nothing to be done for `all-am'. gmake[2]: Leaving directory `/usr/source/alsa-lib-1.0.17rc2/modules' gmake[1]: Leaving directory `/usr/source/alsa-lib-1.0.17rc2/modules' Making all in aserver gmake[1]: Entering directory `/usr/source/alsa-lib-1.0.17rc2/aserver' /bin/ksh ../libtool --tag=CC --mode=link gcc -g -O2 -o aserver aserver.o ../src/libasound.la gcc -g -O2 -o aserver aserver.o ../src/.libs/libasound.a -lm -lpthread -lrt ../src/.libs/libasound.a(pcm_linear.o): In function `snd1_pcm_linear_convert': /usr/source/alsa-lib-1.0.17rc2/src/pcm/plugin_ops.h:307: undefined reference to `__swab16' /usr/source/alsa-lib-1.0.17rc2/src/pcm/plugin_ops.h:337: undefined reference to `__swab32' /usr/source/alsa-lib-1.0.17rc2/src/pcm/plugin_ops.h:261: undefined reference to `__swab16' /usr/source/alsa-lib-1.0.17rc2/src/pcm/plugin_ops.h:263: undefined reference to `__swab16' /usr/source/alsa-lib-1.0.17rc2/src/pcm/plugin_ops.h:265: undefined reference to `__swab16' /usr/source/alsa-lib-1.0.17rc2/src/pcm/plugin_ops.h:333: undefined reference to `__swab16' /usr/source/alsa-lib-1.0.17rc2/src/pcm/plugin_ops.h:335: undefined reference to `__swab32' /usr/source/alsa-lib-1.0.17rc2/src/pcm/plugin_ops.h:302: undefined reference to `__swab32' /usr/source/alsa-lib-1.0.17rc2/src/pcm/plugin_ops.h:304: undefined reference to `__swab32' /usr/source/alsa-lib-1.0.17rc2/src/pcm/plugin_ops.h:309: undefined reference to `__swab32' /usr/source/alsa-lib-1.0.17rc2/src/pcm/plugin_ops.h:311: undefined reference to `__swab32' /usr/source/alsa-lib-1.0.17rc2/src/pcm/plugin_ops.h:315: undefined reference to `__swab16' /usr/source/alsa-lib-1.0.17rc2/src/pcm/plugin_ops.h:317: undefined reference to `__swab32' /usr/source/alsa-lib-1.0.17rc2/src/pcm/plugin_ops.h:319: undefined reference to `__swab32' /usr/source/alsa-lib-1.0.17rc2/src/pcm/plugin_ops.h:294: undefined reference to `__swab16' /usr/source/alsa-lib-1.0.17rc2/src/pcm/plugin_ops.h:324: undefined reference to `__swab32' /usr/source/alsa-lib-1.0.17rc2/src/pcm/plugin_ops.h:326: undefined reference to `__swab32' /usr/source/alsa-lib-1.0.17rc2/src/pcm/plugin_ops.h:328: undefined reference to `__swab16' /usr/source/alsa-lib-1.0.17rc2/src/pcm/plugin_ops.h:330: undefined reference to `__swab32' /usr/source/alsa-lib-1.0.17rc2/src/pcm/plugin_ops.h:270: undefined reference to `__swab16' /usr/source/alsa-lib-1.0.17rc2/src/pcm/plugin_ops.h:272: undefined reference to `__swab16' /usr/source/alsa-lib-1.0.17rc2/src/pcm/plugin_ops.h:281: undefined reference to `__swab16' /usr/source/alsa-lib-1.0.17rc2/src/pcm/plugin_ops.h:283: undefined reference to `__swab16' /usr/source/alsa-lib-1.0.17rc2/src/pcm/plugin_ops.h:279: undefined reference to `__swab16' /usr/source/alsa-lib-1.0.17rc2/src/pcm/plugin_ops.h:289: undefined reference to `__swab32' /usr/source/alsa-lib-1.0.17rc2/src/pcm/plugin_ops.h:291: undefined reference to `__swab32' /usr/source/alsa-lib-1.0.17rc2/src/pcm/plugin_ops.h:296: undefined reference to `__swab32' /usr/source/alsa-lib-1.0.17rc2/src/pcm/plugin_ops.h:298: undefined reference to `__swab32' ../src/.libs/libasound.a(pcm_linear.o): In function `snd1_pcm_linear_getput': /usr/source/alsa-lib-1.0.17rc2/src/pcm/plugin_ops.h:500: undefined reference to `__swab16' /usr/source/alsa-lib-1.0.17rc2/src/pcm/plugin_ops.h:504: undefined reference to `__swab32' /usr/source/alsa-lib-1.0.17rc2/src/pcm/plugin_ops.h:507: undefined reference to `__swab32' /usr/source/alsa-lib-1.0.17rc2/src/pcm/plugin_ops.h:508: undefined reference to `__swab32' /usr/source/alsa-lib-1.0.17rc2/src/pcm/plugin_ops.h:575: undefined reference to `__swab16' /usr/source/alsa-lib-1.0.17rc2/src/pcm/plugin_ops.h:576: undefined reference to `__swab16' /usr/source/alsa-lib-1.0.17rc2/src/pcm/plugin_ops.h:579: undefined reference to `__swab32' /usr/source/alsa-lib-1.0.17rc2/src/pcm/plugin_ops.h:580: undefined reference to `__swab32' /usr/source/alsa-lib-1.0.17rc2/src/pcm/plugin_ops.h:583: undefined reference to `__swab32' /usr/source/alsa-lib-1.0.17rc2/src/pcm/plugin_ops.h:584: undefined reference to `__swab32' ../src/.libs/libasound.a(pcm_route.o): In function `snd_pcm_route_convert1_one': /usr/source/alsa-lib-1.0.17rc2/src/pcm/plugin_ops.h:307: undefined reference to `__swab16' /usr/source/alsa-lib-1.0.17rc2/src/pcm/plugin_ops.h:302: undefined reference to `__swab32' /usr/source/alsa-lib-1.0.17rc2/src/pcm/plugin_ops.h:298: undefined reference to `__swab32' /usr/source/alsa-lib-1.0.17rc2/src/pcm/plugin_ops.h:296: undefined reference to `__swab32' /usr/source/alsa-lib-1.0.17rc2/src/pcm/plugin_ops.h:294: undefined reference to `__swab16' /usr/source/alsa-lib-1.0.17rc2/src/pcm/plugin_ops.h:291: undefined reference to `__swab32' /usr/source/alsa-lib-1.0.17rc2/src/pcm/plugin_ops.h:289: undefined reference to `__swab32' /usr/source/alsa-lib-1.0.17rc2/src/pcm/plugin_ops.h:283: undefined reference to `__swab16' /usr/source/alsa-lib-1.0.17rc2/src/pcm/plugin_ops.h:281: undefined reference to `__swab16' /usr/source/alsa-lib-1.0.17rc2/src/pcm/plugin_ops.h:279: undefined reference to `__swab16' /usr/source/alsa-lib-1.0.17rc2/src/pcm/plugin_ops.h:272: undefined reference to `__swab16' /usr/source/alsa-lib-1.0.17rc2/src/pcm/plugin_ops.h:270: undefined reference to `__swab16' ../src/.libs/libasound.a(pcm_route.o):/usr/source/alsa-lib-1.0.17rc2/src/pcm/plugin_ops.h:265: more undefined references to `__swab16' follow ../src/.libs/libasound.a(pcm_route.o): In function `snd_pcm_route_convert1_one': /usr/source/alsa-lib-1.0.17rc2/src/pcm/plugin_ops.h:337: undefined reference to `__swab32' /usr/source/alsa-lib-1.0.17rc2/src/pcm/plugin_ops.h:335: undefined reference to `__swab32' /usr/source/alsa-lib-1.0.17rc2/src/pcm/plugin_ops.h:333: undefined reference to `__swab16' /usr/source/alsa-lib-1.0.17rc2/src/pcm/plugin_ops.h:330: undefined reference to `__swab32' /usr/source/alsa-lib-1.0.17rc2/src/pcm/plugin_ops.h:328: undefined reference to `__swab16' /usr/source/alsa-lib-1.0.17rc2/src/pcm/plugin_ops.h:326: undefined reference to `__swab32' /usr/source/alsa-lib-1.0.17rc2/src/pcm/plugin_ops.h:324: undefined reference to `__swab32' /usr/source/alsa-lib-1.0.17rc2/src/pcm/plugin_ops.h:319: undefined reference to `__swab32' /usr/source/alsa-lib-1.0.17rc2/src/pcm/plugin_ops.h:317: undefined reference to `__swab32' /usr/source/alsa-lib-1.0.17rc2/src/pcm/plugin_ops.h:315: undefined reference to `__swab16' /usr/source/alsa-lib-1.0.17rc2/src/pcm/plugin_ops.h:311: undefined reference to `__swab32' /usr/source/alsa-lib-1.0.17rc2/src/pcm/plugin_ops.h:309: undefined reference to `__swab32' /usr/source/alsa-lib-1.0.17rc2/src/pcm/plugin_ops.h:304: undefined reference to `__swab32' ../src/.libs/libasound.a(pcm_route.o): In function `snd_pcm_route_convert1_one_getput': /usr/source/alsa-lib-1.0.17rc2/src/pcm/plugin_ops.h:500: undefined reference to `__swab16' /usr/source/alsa-lib-1.0.17rc2/src/pcm/plugin_ops.h:504: undefined reference to `__swab32' /usr/source/alsa-lib-1.0.17rc2/src/pcm/plugin_ops.h:507: undefined reference to `__swab32' /usr/source/alsa-lib-1.0.17rc2/src/pcm/plugin_ops.h:508: undefined reference to `__swab32' /usr/source/alsa-lib-1.0.17rc2/src/pcm/plugin_ops.h:575: undefined reference to `__swab16' /usr/source/alsa-lib-1.0.17rc2/src/pcm/plugin_ops.h:576: undefined reference to `__swab16' /usr/source/alsa-lib-1.0.17rc2/src/pcm/plugin_ops.h:579: undefined reference to `__swab32' /usr/source/alsa-lib-1.0.17rc2/src/pcm/plugin_ops.h:580: undefined reference to `__swab32' /usr/source/alsa-lib-1.0.17rc2/src/pcm/plugin_ops.h:583: undefined reference to `__swab32' /usr/source/alsa-lib-1.0.17rc2/src/pcm/plugin_ops.h:584: undefined reference to `__swab32' ../src/.libs/libasound.a(pcm_route.o): In function `snd_pcm_route_convert1_many': /usr/source/alsa-lib-1.0.17rc2/src/pcm/plugin_ops.h:678: undefined reference to `__swab32' ../src/.libs/libasound.a(pcm_route.o):/usr/source/alsa-lib-1.0.17rc2/src/pcm/plugin_ops.h:679: more undefined references to `__swab32' follow ../src/.libs/libasound.a(pcm_route.o): In function `snd_pcm_route_convert1_many': /usr/source/alsa-lib-1.0.17rc2/src/pcm/plugin_ops.h:674: undefined reference to `__swab16' /usr/source/alsa-lib-1.0.17rc2/src/pcm/plugin_ops.h:675: undefined reference to `__swab16' /usr/source/alsa-lib-1.0.17rc2/src/pcm/plugin_ops.h:575: undefined reference to `__swab16' /usr/source/alsa-lib-1.0.17rc2/src/pcm/plugin_ops.h:576: undefined reference to `__swab16' /usr/source/alsa-lib-1.0.17rc2/src/pcm/plugin_ops.h:579: undefined reference to `__swab32' /usr/source/alsa-lib-1.0.17rc2/src/pcm/plugin_ops.h:583: undefined reference to `__swab32' /usr/source/alsa-lib-1.0.17rc2/src/pcm/plugin_ops.h:584: undefined reference to `__swab32' /usr/source/alsa-lib-1.0.17rc2/src/pcm/plugin_ops.h:580: undefined reference to `__swab32' ../src/.libs/libasound.a(pcm_mulaw.o): In function `snd1_pcm_mulaw_encode': /usr/source/alsa-lib-1.0.17rc2/src/pcm/plugin_ops.h:383: undefined reference to `__swab16' /usr/source/alsa-lib-1.0.17rc2/src/pcm/plugin_ops.h:384: undefined reference to `__swab16' /usr/source/alsa-lib-1.0.17rc2/src/pcm/plugin_ops.h:387: undefined reference to `__swab16' /usr/source/alsa-lib-1.0.17rc2/src/pcm/plugin_ops.h:388: undefined reference to `__swab16' /usr/source/alsa-lib-1.0.17rc2/src/pcm/plugin_ops.h:391: undefined reference to `__swab16' ../src/.libs/libasound.a(pcm_mulaw.o):/usr/source/alsa-lib-1.0.17rc2/src/pcm/plugin_ops.h:392: more undefined references to `__swab16' follow ../src/.libs/libasound.a(pcm_lfloat.o): In function `snd_pcm_lfloat_convert_integer_float': /usr/source/alsa-lib-1.0.17rc2/src/pcm/plugin_ops.h:504: undefined reference to `__swab32' /usr/source/alsa-lib-1.0.17rc2/src/pcm/plugin_ops.h:507: undefined reference to `__swab32' /usr/source/alsa-lib-1.0.17rc2/src/pcm/plugin_ops.h:508: undefined reference to `__swab32' /usr/source/alsa-lib-1.0.17rc2/src/pcm/plugin_ops.h:740: undefined reference to `__swab32' /usr/source/alsa-lib-1.0.17rc2/src/pcm/plugin_ops.h:743: undefined reference to `__swab64' ../src/.libs/libasound.a(pcm_lfloat.o): In function `snd_pcm_lfloat_convert_float_integer': /usr/source/alsa-lib-1.0.17rc2/src/pcm/plugin_ops.h:765: undefined reference to `__swab32' /usr/source/alsa-lib-1.0.17rc2/src/pcm/plugin_ops.h:781: undefined reference to `__swab64' /usr/source/alsa-lib-1.0.17rc2/src/pcm/plugin_ops.h:579: undefined reference to `__swab32' /usr/source/alsa-lib-1.0.17rc2/src/pcm/plugin_ops.h:580: undefined reference to `__swab32' /usr/source/alsa-lib-1.0.17rc2/src/pcm/plugin_ops.h:583: undefined reference to `__swab32' /usr/source/alsa-lib-1.0.17rc2/src/pcm/plugin_ops.h:584: undefined reference to `__swab32' /usr/source/alsa-lib-1.0.17rc2/src/pcm/plugin_ops.h:575: undefined reference to `__swab16' /usr/source/alsa-lib-1.0.17rc2/src/pcm/plugin_ops.h:576: undefined reference to `__swab16' ../src/.libs/libasound.a(pcm_dmix.o): In function `generic_remix_areas_32_swap': /usr/source/alsa-lib-1.0.17rc2/src/pcm/pcm_dmix_generic.c:380: undefined reference to `__swab32' /usr/source/alsa-lib-1.0.17rc2/src/pcm/pcm_dmix_generic.c:368: undefined reference to `__swab32' ../src/.libs/libasound.a(pcm_dmix.o): In function `generic_mix_areas_32_swap': /usr/source/alsa-lib-1.0.17rc2/src/pcm/pcm_dmix_generic.c:334: undefined reference to `__swab32' /usr/source/alsa-lib-1.0.17rc2/src/pcm/pcm_dmix_generic.c:347: undefined reference to `__swab32' ../src/.libs/libasound.a(pcm_dmix.o): In function `generic_remix_areas_16_swap': /usr/source/alsa-lib-1.0.17rc2/src/pcm/pcm_dmix_generic.c:313: undefined reference to `__swab16' /usr/source/alsa-lib-1.0.17rc2/src/pcm/pcm_dmix_generic.c:303: undefined reference to `__swab16' /usr/source/alsa-lib-1.0.17rc2/src/pcm/pcm_dmix_generic.c:313: undefined reference to `__swab16' ../src/.libs/libasound.a(pcm_dmix.o): In function `generic_mix_areas_16_swap': /usr/source/alsa-lib-1.0.17rc2/src/pcm/pcm_dmix_generic.c:271: undefined reference to `__swab16' /usr/source/alsa-lib-1.0.17rc2/src/pcm/pcm_dmix_generic.c:282: undefined reference to `__swab16' ../src/.libs/libasound.a(pcm_iec958.o): In function `iec958_to_s32': /usr/source/alsa-lib-1.0.17rc2/src/pcm/pcm_iec958.c:137: undefined reference to `__swab32' ../src/.libs/libasound.a(pcm_iec958.o): In function `snd_pcm_iec958_decode': /usr/source/alsa-lib-1.0.17rc2/src/pcm/plugin_ops.h:575: undefined reference to `__swab16' /usr/source/alsa-lib-1.0.17rc2/src/pcm/plugin_ops.h:576: undefined reference to `__swab16' /usr/source/alsa-lib-1.0.17rc2/src/pcm/plugin_ops.h:579: undefined reference to `__swab32' /usr/source/alsa-lib-1.0.17rc2/src/pcm/plugin_ops.h:580: undefined reference to `__swab32' /usr/source/alsa-lib-1.0.17rc2/src/pcm/plugin_ops.h:584: undefined reference to `__swab32' /usr/source/alsa-lib-1.0.17rc2/src/pcm/plugin_ops.h:583: undefined reference to `__swab32' ../src/.libs/libasound.a(pcm_iec958.o): In function `snd_pcm_iec958_encode': /usr/source/alsa-lib-1.0.17rc2/src/pcm/plugin_ops.h:500: undefined reference to `__swab16' /usr/source/alsa-lib-1.0.17rc2/src/pcm/plugin_ops.h:504: undefined reference to `__swab32' /usr/source/alsa-lib-1.0.17rc2/src/pcm/plugin_ops.h:507: undefined reference to `__swab32' /usr/source/alsa-lib-1.0.17rc2/src/pcm/plugin_ops.h:508: undefined reference to `__swab32' ../src/.libs/libasound.a(pcm_iec958.o): In function `iec958_subframe': /usr/source/alsa-lib-1.0.17rc2/src/pcm/pcm_iec958.c:129: undefined reference to `__swab32' ../src/.libs/libasound.a(pcm_softvol.o): In function `MULTI_DIV_int': /usr/source/alsa-lib-1.0.17rc2/src/pcm/pcm_softvol.c:135: undefined reference to `__swab32' ../src/.libs/libasound.a(pcm_softvol.o):/usr/source/alsa-lib-1.0.17rc2/src/pcm/pcm_softvol.c:125: more undefined references to `__swab32' follow ../src/.libs/libasound.a(pcm_softvol.o): In function `MULTI_DIV_short': /usr/source/alsa-lib-1.0.17rc2/src/pcm/pcm_softvol.c:142: undefined reference to `__swab16' /usr/source/alsa-lib-1.0.17rc2/src/pcm/pcm_softvol.c:148: undefined reference to `__swab16' /usr/source/alsa-lib-1.0.17rc2/src/pcm/pcm_softvol.c:150: undefined reference to `__swab16' ../src/.libs/libasound.a(pcm_softvol.o): In function `MULTI_DIV_int': /usr/source/alsa-lib-1.0.17rc2/src/pcm/pcm_softvol.c:133: undefined reference to `__swab32' /usr/source/alsa-lib-1.0.17rc2/src/pcm/pcm_softvol.c:135: undefined reference to `__swab32' /usr/source/alsa-lib-1.0.17rc2/src/pcm/pcm_softvol.c:125: undefined reference to `__swab32' ../src/.libs/libasound.a(pcm_softvol.o): In function `MULTI_DIV_short': /usr/source/alsa-lib-1.0.17rc2/src/pcm/pcm_softvol.c:142: undefined reference to `__swab16' /usr/source/alsa-lib-1.0.17rc2/src/pcm/pcm_softvol.c:148: undefined reference to `__swab16' /usr/source/alsa-lib-1.0.17rc2/src/pcm/pcm_softvol.c:150: undefined reference to `__swab16' ../src/.libs/libasound.a(pcm_softvol.o): In function `MULTI_DIV_int': /usr/source/alsa-lib-1.0.17rc2/src/pcm/pcm_softvol.c:133: undefined reference to `__swab32' gmake[1]: *** [aserver] Error 1 gmake[1]: Leaving directory `/usr/source/alsa-lib-1.0.17rc2/aserver' gmake: *** [all-recursive] Error 1