Dear ALSA developers,

At the beginning, I would like to give a short introdution of myself, then my question follows.

My project: =============== Currently, I am interning at the TU Dresden operating systems group's [1] and it is my task to port ALSA to DROPS [2, 3], a L4-microkernel-based real-time system. The long-term goal of this project should be to establish a truely real-time capable FOSS platform for audio recording and processing.

The current state of the project: By using DDELinux [4] and writing a small kernel-user inferface emulation layer, we now have an unchanged version of ALSA and an unchanged version of salsa-lib [5] running on our system. The next steps will be to test how stable this port is and fix bugs. Then, during my diploma thesis, it is my task to port Jack (or an equivalent) to our system and to evaluate how to make the whole thing to work in real-time.

But now my question: =============== In the file pcm_native in alsa-core read (snd_pcm_read) and write (snd_pcm_write) functions are attached to the snd_pcm_f_ops. But as far as I can see, these write- und read- system calls aren't used either in salsa-lib or in alsa-lib.

I can see that in former versions of alsa-lib (for instance alsalib-0.0.3) the write system call was used to implement snd_pcm_write (LIB); but now we have snd_pcm_writei (LIB) and snd_pcm_writen (LIB) which use ioctl. I guess this was done to realize both interleaved and noninterleaved audio playback (The old snd_pcm_write (LIB) was based on bytes not on frames and did not have a notion of interleaved/noninterleaved playback?). If I have a look at snd_pcm_write (KERNEL, pcm_native.c), I can see it also ends up in snd_pcm_lib_write(...). So does ioctl with SNDRV_PCM_IOCTL_WRITEI_FRAMES as argument, but snd_pcm_write (KERNEL) does not copy the frames to kernel memory.

My question: what is snd_pcm_write in pcm_native.c good for? Is it only there to keep ALSA compatible to older versions of alsa-lib?

Kindest regards, Michael Voigt

================ [1] http://www.inf.tu-dresden.de/index.php?node_id=1141&ln=en [2] http://www.osnews.com/story.php/15814/Introduction-to-TUD-OS/ [3] http://www.realtimelinuxfoundation.org/variants/variants.html#VARIANTS_DROPS [4] http://demo.tudos.org/dsweeper_tutorial.html [5] http://ftp.isr.ist.utl.pt/pub/MIRRORS/ftp.suse.com/people/tiwai/salsa-lib/ ================