Sometimes you have some data in *.INF file or such. At least, if the standard Windows driver (not the h/w vendor's one) works, the extra configuration is usually put there.
The Windows driver is the one provided by Realtek. The manufacturer ID is "INTELAUDIO\FUNC_01&VEN_10EC&DEV_0298&SUBSYS_144DC14F". I looked into the INF file which corresponds to this driver but I'm not sure to understand it. There is a specific section attached to this device which looks like: [CusEffectSettingsMaxim.AddReg] HKR,SSTPPCfg{C75061F3-F2B2-4DCC-8F9F-82ABB4131E66}\SPK\EFX,16777217, 1, 1,0,0,1,1,0,0,0 HKR,SSTPPCfg{C75061F3-F2B2-4DCC-8F9F-82ABB4131E66}\SPK\EFX,16777218, 1, 2,0,0,1,0,0,80,2 ....
I don't know if the solution is in these lines or not..
Also, when you test the sound, don't use PulseAudio but test directly with ALSA native apps (e.g. aplay with -Dhw:0 or -Dplughw:0, etc). You can use speaker-test program, too.
I tried again all the channels with headphone only by using only ALSA and not pulseaudio. There is no sound at all. Note that the internal microphone and the microphone of my headphone when it's plugged in works very well..
And always try a headphone output at first. The headset mic might not work, but the headphone output is usually the easiest one to get working.
Thank you for your help. I hope we'll find the problem..