This device doesn't seem to be supported yet. Does Roland make the specifications available, etc? The device is not compatible with USB Audio, but rather uses Vendor Specific Class. lsusb -vvv is attached below and if you need more information, I can debug the device on Linux and on Vista.
Bus 007 Device 025: ID 0582:00c4 Roland Corp. Device Descriptor: bLength 18 bDescriptorType 1 bcdUSB 2.00 bDeviceClass 255 Vendor Specific Class bDeviceSubClass 0 bDeviceProtocol 255 bMaxPacketSize0 64 idVendor 0x0582 Roland Corp. idProduct 0x00c4 bcdDevice 0.00 iManufacturer 1 EDIROL iProduct 2 M-16DX iSerial 0 bNumConfigurations 1 Configuration Descriptor: bLength 9 bDescriptorType 2 wTotalLength 167 bNumInterfaces 3 bConfigurationValue 1 iConfiguration 0 bmAttributes 0xc0 Self Powered MaxPower 0mA Interface Descriptor: bLength 9 bDescriptorType 4 bInterfaceNumber 0 bAlternateSetting 0 bNumEndpoints 0 bInterfaceClass 255 Vendor Specific Class bInterfaceSubClass 1 bInterfaceProtocol 2 iInterface 0 ** UNRECOGNIZED: 06 24 f1 01 00 00 Interface Descriptor: bLength 9 bDescriptorType 4 bInterfaceNumber 0 bAlternateSetting 1 bNumEndpoints 1 bInterfaceClass 255 Vendor Specific Class bInterfaceSubClass 2 bInterfaceProtocol 2 iInterface 0 ** UNRECOGNIZED: 07 24 01 01 00 01 00 ** UNRECOGNIZED: 0b 24 02 01 02 04 18 01 80 bb 00 Endpoint Descriptor: bLength 7 bDescriptorType 5 bEndpointAddress 0x02 EP 2 OUT bmAttributes 5 Transfer Type Isochronous Synch Type Asynchronous Usage Type Data wMaxPacketSize 0x0038 1x 56 bytes bInterval 1 Interface Descriptor: bLength 9 bDescriptorType 4 bInterfaceNumber 1 bAlternateSetting 0 bNumEndpoints 0 bInterfaceClass 255 Vendor Specific Class bInterfaceSubClass 1 bInterfaceProtocol 2 iInterface 0 Interface Descriptor: bLength 9 bDescriptorType 4 bInterfaceNumber 1 bAlternateSetting 1 bNumEndpoints 1 bInterfaceClass 255 Vendor Specific Class bInterfaceSubClass 2 bInterfaceProtocol 1 iInterface 0 ** UNRECOGNIZED: 07 24 01 07 00 01 00 ** UNRECOGNIZED: 0b 24 02 01 12 04 18 01 80 bb 00 Endpoint Descriptor: bLength 7 bDescriptorType 5 bEndpointAddress 0x81 EP 1 IN bmAttributes 37 Transfer Type Isochronous Synch Type Asynchronous Usage Type Implicit feedback Data wMaxPacketSize 0x01f8 1x 504 bytes bInterval 1 Interface Descriptor: bLength 9 bDescriptorType 4 bInterfaceNumber 2 bAlternateSetting 0 bNumEndpoints 2 bInterfaceClass 255 Vendor Specific Class bInterfaceSubClass 1 bInterfaceProtocol 3 iInterface 0 ** UNRECOGNIZED: 06 24 f1 02 01 01 Endpoint Descriptor: bLength 7 bDescriptorType 5 bEndpointAddress 0x04 EP 4 OUT bmAttributes 2 Transfer Type Bulk Synch Type None Usage Type Data wMaxPacketSize 0x0200 1x 512 bytes bInterval 1 Endpoint Descriptor: bLength 7 bDescriptorType 5 bEndpointAddress 0x83 EP 3 IN bmAttributes 2 Transfer Type Bulk Synch Type None Usage Type Data wMaxPacketSize 0x0200 1x 512 bytes bInterval 1 Interface Descriptor: bLength 9 bDescriptorType 4 bInterfaceNumber 2 bAlternateSetting 1 bNumEndpoints 2 bInterfaceClass 255 Vendor Specific Class bInterfaceSubClass 1 bInterfaceProtocol 3 iInterface 0 Endpoint Descriptor: bLength 7 bDescriptorType 5 bEndpointAddress 0x04 EP 4 OUT bmAttributes 2 Transfer Type Bulk Synch Type None Usage Type Data wMaxPacketSize 0x0200 1x 512 bytes bInterval 1 Endpoint Descriptor: bLength 7 bDescriptorType 5 bEndpointAddress 0x83 EP 3 IN bmAttributes 3 Transfer Type Interrupt Synch Type None Usage Type Data wMaxPacketSize 0x0200 1x 512 bytes bInterval 1